???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? 2022

????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????

???? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???.

? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????.

? ??? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????????. ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? 8 ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? 25 ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????.

?????????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????. ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????- ??????- ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?????.

? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????????. ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????????.

??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????????. ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????.

??????: Foreign Policy

Why the West Should Make Peace With Erdogan Now

??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????

??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? 2018. ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? “???? ???????” ??????? ???????? ??????????.

? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ? ?????????.

????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????. ??? ??????? ???? ????? ? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????.

????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????. ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????.

?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? MetroPoll ??????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? 30 ?? ??????? ????? ???? 50 ?? ?????? ????? ?????.

??????: The Washington Post

https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/06/22/turkey-saudi-mbs-khashoggi/

?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????

? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? 30 ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????.

???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????: “??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ??”. ? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? “?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????”.

? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????- ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????.

??????: Aljazeera

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/6/28/erdogan-to-have-bilateral-talks-with-world-leaders-at-nato-summit

???? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????

??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ?? 28 ????? ?? ?????? ? ???.

??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????. ?? ?????? ? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????.

? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????.

?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ????.

??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? (??????) 2022? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???????????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???.

? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????????????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????.

? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????. ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????.

? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????. ??? ??? ? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????.

??????: Middle East Institute

https://www.mei.edu/publications/moment-reckoning-us-and-iran-prepare-resume-talks-doha

????? ?????? ????? ???????: ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????

????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? The Times of Israel ?? 27 ?????? / ?????.

? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????.

??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????????.

??????: Stratfor

https://worldview.stratfor.com/situation-report/mena-negev-summit-steering-committee-meets-manama-bahrain

??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????

?? 21 ????? 2022? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? 22.95 ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????.

? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ????. ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? 18 ???? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????. ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?????.? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????.

? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????.

? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????. ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? 2021? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????.

? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? 2011 . ? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???. ? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????.

? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ” ????? ???? ” ???? ????????? ? ???? ???? ????? “?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????????”.

??????: Center for Strategic & International Studies

https://www.csis.org/analysis/politics-lebanons-gas-deal-egypt-and-syria

????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????

??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? “????? ??????” ?? ??? ?? 12 ?? ??? ??????/????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????.

??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? “?? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????? …”????? “???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????”.

???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????.

??? ?? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???????.

??????: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy

https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/why-did-sadrists-withdraw-iraqi-political-process

???? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????

???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?? 14 ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????. ? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???? 7.3 ????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? 2.4 ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????.

??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????????.

? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????.

?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? 2014? ??? ???? ????? 3.7 ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ? 400 ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????.

? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? 2022? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ????? 145000 ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????.

? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????.

? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? “??? ?????? ????? ????????” ?? ?????? ?? ???? 2022? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??. ?? ?? ?????? ??????? 6.4 ????? ???? ???? 2022 ??? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? 2021 ?????? 5.3 ????? ????.

???????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? 2021 ???? ??????? ????? 5.7 ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? 3 ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? “???? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????”? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????.

?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? 2025-2026. ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????.

??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ????????.

?? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????.?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????.

??????: Wilson Center

https://www.wilsoncenter.org/blog-post/long-term-solutions-needed-syrian-refugees-attention-shifts-ukraine